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Mr. Ducasse likes the Italian word “aggiornamento,” which he sees as the continuous adaptation of tradition.

By the grace of God Pope Francis will effect an aggiornamento and, at the same time, ressourcement in Holy Mother Church.

In truth, the atmosphere of the synod has so far had more in common with the Second Vatican Council, convened by Pope John XXIII, whose explicit aim was aggiornamento—updating the church to respond more effectively to the challenges of the times.

In the years that followed, the movement that John called aggiornamento, or modernization, became part of a revolution larger than John had foreseen�a tumultuous moral and social upheaval around the world.

Within the society itself, there is a visible−and highly audible−gap between the enthusiasts of aggiornamento and the defenders of older, stricter ways.