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At roughly the same time, the FDA had been greenlighting medications that target amyloid beta.

Alzheimer's disease pathology was measured using PET scans with tracers that bind to amyloid plaques and tau tangles that accumulate in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease.

"The amyloid beta affects muscles and paralyzes the worms," says Sidharth Madhavan, a PhD candidate and lead author on the study.

The drugs attack so-called amyloid plaques in the brain.

As a result, the researchers believe that the removal of amyloid plaques, which are abundant in Alzheimer's patients, could account for the observed brain volume changes.