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He compares Francis’s desire to open the sacrament to remarried Catholics to Arianism — named for Arius, a priest in ancient Alexandria who taught that Jesus is distinct from and subordinate to God the father.

By the 1500s, church frescoes and icons were depicting Nicholas slapping Arius.

The purpose of that Council was not to promulgate some new, fringe belief but rather to decide whether those denying the deity of Jesus, led by Arius, were correct.

By that point, the primary disputes centered on whether Jesus was God—the followers of a priest named Arius said no, that God created Jesus.

The doctrine of the Trinity was not decided exclusively by decades of intense debate; the whimsy of Constantine and political maneuvering between by Arius and Athanasius had a significant influence on the outcome.