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Results show that DRN serotonin stimulation causes activation of the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia, brain areas involved in many cognitive functions.

The basal ganglia receives signals from the motor cortex as skaters leap and twirl in the air.

Ullman says the findings underscore the potential utility of drugs that are known to improve movement impairments due to basal ganglia dysfunction, such as those that act on dopamine receptors.

Subcortical structures in the brain, responsible for children's temperament or motor functions such as the amygdala and basal ganglia, may be more vulnerable to factors affecting the placenta in the second trimester.

Connections between the frontal cortex in the forebrain and basal ganglia, structures located deeper in the brain, are known to control cognitive and motor functions.