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However, children exposed to valproate, topiramate, and carbamazepine were linked to specific neurodevelopmental issues.

This study supports findings from previous research that link the antiseizure drugs valproate, topiramate, and carbamazepine with neurodevelopmental diagnoses in offspring, such as autism, intellectual disability and ADHD.

For example, Winterstein’s research found that the risk of conception in women on carbamazepine, which can cause birth defects, rises by 40 percent compared with other drugs that do not affect levels of contraceptives in the body.

They also demonstrated that drugs used to block Nav1.7 -- including carbamazepine, a sodium channel blocker currently used to treat epilepsy and trigeminal neuralgia -- also provided substantial protection from joint damage in the mice.

She was put on to carbamazepine when she was 19.