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celestial meridian

  1. A great circle on the celestial sphere passing through the celestial poles and an observer's zenith . An observer's celestial meridian is not a fixed reference on the celestial sphere but rather changes with the observer's location on Earth. Stars transit an observer's celestial meridian (that is, cross directly overhead in the sky at that location) once every 24 hours.
  2. Also called local meridian meridian
  3. In the equatorial coordinate system , a great circle on the celestial sphere passing through the celestial poles and the vernal equinox . It represents the zero point for the horizontal coordinate in this system, having a right ascension of 0 hours.


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The first Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed, used clocks fitted with anchor and deadbeat escapements to time the exact moments that stars crossed the celestial meridian, an imaginary line that connects the poles of the celestial sphere and defines the due-south point in the night sky.

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An eye placed at the center of the earth and capable of looking through its solid substance would see your geographical meridian against the background of the sky exactly covering your celestial meridian and passing from one pole through your zenith to the other pole.

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I mean by that, that starting at the celestial meridian, i.e., the meridian passing through the First Point of Aries, it will take a spot on the earth 5h 16m 32s to travel until it reaches the meridian of the star in question.

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We may remember in passing that the length of the meter has been determined as, by definition, the ten-millionth part of the quarter of a celestial meridian.

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If all I hear is true, Saint Peter will say, 'Who is this person you call the Doctor?' and when she explains that the Doctor was her husband, Saint Peter will say, 'Sorry, lady, we cannot recognize marriage relations here at all—it is unconstitutional, you know—there is no marrying or giving in marriage after you cross the Celestial Meridian.

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