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Momberg was also found guilty of crimen injuria and became the first person to serve time for it.

Sparrow was convicted of crimen injuria and ordered to pay a fine.

In addition to the Equality Court, where individuals can bring civil cases, courts have allowed criminal prosecution of hate speech under a common law offense known as crimen injuria — the act of “unlawfully and intentionally impairing the dignity or privacy of another person.”

She was convicted in November of four counts of crimen injuria, one for each of the police officers she abused verbally.

Ms. Momberg was prosecuted under a long-established legal principle, crimen injuria, which involves harming a person’s dignity.