CYSTINE Definition & Meaning

cystine

[ sis-teen, -tin ]

Phonetic (Standard)IPA

noun

Biochemistry.

a crystalline amino acid, C 6 H 12 O 4 N 2 S 2 , occurring in most proteins, especially the keratins in hair, wool, and horn, and yielding cysteine on reduction.

cystine

/ ˈsɪstiːn; -tɪn /

noun

a sulphur-containing amino acid present in proteins: yields two molecules of cysteine on reduction. Formula: HOOCCH(NH 2 )CH 2 SSCH 2 CH(NH 2 )COOH

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�y��vlog History and Origins

Origin of cystine¹

1835–45; cyst- + -ine ²; so called because found in the bladder

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�y��vlog History and Origins

Origin of cystine¹

C19: see cysto- (bladder), -ine ²; named from its being discovered in a type of urinary calculus

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Example Sentences

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Infantile cystinosis, the most common and most severe type of cystinosis, occurs as the result of an accumulation in the body's cells of cystine, an amino acid.

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The therapy doesn’t have to get into all cells to work, just enough of them to make sufficient amounts of the protein that removes cystine so it doesn’t build up.

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Specifically, system xc-’s uptake of one molecule of cystine leads to the release of one molecule of glutamate from the cell.

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The defect causes the amino acid cystine to accumulate to toxic levels in tissues throughout the body, doing particular damage to the kidneys.

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To make them more efficient, the researchers first fed the bacteria a chemical called cadmium and a compound called cystine.

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