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In more recent years, studies on other animals, such as ravens and fish, have shown that they also use some simple gestures to, for example, point out objects or show something of interest, called deictic gesturing.

They also noted that the wing-fluttering "after-you" gesture was aimed at the mate and not the nest box, meaning that it wasn't being used as a deictic gesture to indicate the position of something of interest.

Deictic, dīk′tik, adj. proving directly.—adv.

Some lawyers are successful in the elenchical mode of argument—to use a logical term—that is, in demolishing the structure of their opponents, while they fail in the deictic, that is, in raising on its ruins an impregnable fabric of their own; but it was difficult to decide which process was the most thorough in the reasoning of Tazewell.