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After three weeks, mice that received cisplatin but not gamma therapy showed many of the expected effects of chemotherapy: brain volume shrinkage, DNA damage, demyelination, and inflammation.

Moreover, behavioral deficits of the mice correlated more clearly with neurodegeneration than demyelination.

The resulting demyelination impairs the functioning of nerve cells and can result in optic neuritis, vision loss, nausea and fatigue.

Ziggy, estimated to be a teenager, suffers from cerebral demyelination that affects her coordination and ability to process images correctly.

Unrelated work7 has shown that germ-free mice are protected from an experimentally induced condition similar to multiple sclerosis, which is characterized by demyelination of nerve fibres.