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Brain abnormalities called focal cortical dysplasia are a common cause of epilepsy, especially when medication cannot control seizures.

Achondroplasia is the most common form of skeletal dysplasia or dwarfism, affecting around one in 20,000 babies in Australia.

Tests revealed their baby had Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia - a genetic condition so rare that no one could predict how it would shape his life.

Jim was diagnosed with Stage 2 severe dysplasia on the floor of his mouth and had laser treatment to eliminate it.

These include cancers of the lymph nodes, bones, blood vessels or mast cell tumors for some breeds; and joint disorders such as hip or elbow dysplasia, or cranial cruciate ligament tears.