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"Individuals who have acute infections can look normal by MRI and echocardiography, but when we delved into the molecular level, we saw that something very dangerous could occur," Smyth said.

A dozen students and nurses rushed in with surgical tools and echocardiography equipment to check Hill’s heart.

A “bubble study” test, contrast echocardiography that uses sound waves to inspect blood vessels, revealed the presence of an AVM in Martinez’s lung.

Her father, a cardiologist, was the medical director of the echocardiography lab at Missouri Baptist Medical Center, also in St. Louis.

Researchers assessed the hearts of 4,580 U.S. adults using echocardiography -- ultrasound of the heart.