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They included drones linked to operators by fibre-optic wires - which are impossible to jam with electronic countermeasures.

Toggling between the high tech and low tech as I explained earlier is using electronic countermeasures to shut down the drones.

Now, the bad days are starting to outweigh the good ones: electronic countermeasures have become one of the Russian military’s most formidable weapons after years of honing their capabilities.

It can also be disrupted by other sources, such as electromagnetic noise or human-generated signals – an indication the Navy could develop electronic countermeasures to the Chinese detection system.

Soldiers and civilian volunteers make these in garage workshops, experimenting and inventing with 3-D printed materials, explosives and custom-built software to try to avoid Russian electronic countermeasures.