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Ten communities in Massachusetts are now designated at high or critical risk for eastern equine encephalitis, or EEE, that spreads through the bite of an infected mosquito, officials say.

Alphaviruses include Eastern equine encephalitis virus and several other viruses that cause brain or joint disease.

This summer, Alabama reported two cases of another potentially fatal, rare mosquito-borne illness called eastern equine encephalitis, and the U.S. reported its first cases of locally transmitted malaria in 20 years.

Louisiana has reported one case of eastern equine encephalitis this year.

Horses can be vaccinated for the disease, known as eastern equine encephalitis, but there is no equivalent for humans.