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In 1945, during the World War II Battle of Iwo Jima, the escort carrier USS Bismarck Sea was sunk by kamikazes with the loss of 318 men.

He lost his life in fall 1943, when a Japanese torpedo rocked the escort carrier USS Liscome Bay.

Mr. Carr, a Boston native, served as a Navy pilot during World War II and survived the sinking of the escort carrier Block Island off the Canary Islands in 1944.

Instead, Knickelbein was assigned to the VMTB-143, known as the “Devil Dog Avengers,” a Grumman TBM Avenger torpedo bomber squadron, on a small escort carrier, which was half the size of a normal fleet carrier which he had worried about landing on, Rampulla said.

From there, the information moved to the captain, then to the pilots, who stood ready on the escort carrier, waiting to fly their planes, hoping their bombs would cause a major explosion, hoping to produce an oil slick that would reveal success.