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To speed up the process, Bayer and other companies are working on short corn made with gene editing, an approach that can alter gibberellin without adding genes from other species.

The lower stem nodes of these varieties make insufficient amounts of gibberellin to activate internode elongation.

Maturing female ferns express some genes that begin the production of gibberellin, but add a methyl ester chemical group to the precursor molecule before secreting it into the wet forest floor.

First, gibberellin levels increase and stimulate production of key flowering factors, one of which degrades gibberellin.

Bayer’s genetic engineers have focused on a plant growth hormone called gibberellin.