�y��vlog

"This is the first time it has been shown that the response of microbiome to the loss of ovarian hormone production can increase metabolic dysfunction," said first author Tzu-Wen L. Cross, a professor ofnutrition science and the director of the Gnotobiotic Animal Facility at Purdue University.

Extensive personal human gut microbiota culture collections characterized and manipulated in gnotobiotic mice.

We thank C. Couter for technical assistance; S. Edwards, J. Ramos, and T. Sherpa for assistance with gnotobiotic mice; R. Bronson for review of histology; J. McCoy for editorial assistance; and members of the Kasper laboratory for discussions.

We found that gnotobiotic mice harbouring different microbial communities exhibited differential survival in a colitis model.

By genetically manipulating C. sporogenes, we modulate serum levels of these metabolites in gnotobiotic mice, and show that in turn this affects intestinal permeability and systemic immunity.