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Hydrofracturing methods introduce cold fluids into the subsurface through porous rock, which creates high pressures that break the rock in tension or shear.

Eventually such repeated hydrofracturing, as the process is called, can cause the ice shelf to disintegrate.

Since surface melting is projected to double by 2050, the researchers write, events like the lake’s sudden disappearance might offer clues as to what hydrofracturing means for the overall stability of the ice shelves and sea level rise.

They believe the weight of the accumulated water broke the ice beneath it in a process called hydrofracturing.

It's a process known as "hydrofracturing" — and in extreme cases, it can cause large chunks of ice to break apart and collapse into the sea.