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“Many of these products are formulated for adults and contain harsh ingredients, such as hydroxy acids, retinoids and artificial fragrances, which are too aggressive for young, delicate skin and can cause irritation or long-term damage.”

But many of its bestsellers, which cost about £60 each, contain exfoliators such as alpha and beta hydroxy acids and vitamin-A derivative retinol.

What’s more, Dr. Gonzalez said, many consumers play “chemist” with these formats, mixing them with other ingredients like alpha hydroxy acids and retinol that can dilute the formula and, in some cases, render it unstable.

“This means chemical exfoliants like hydroxy acids and physical exfoliation with any brushes, towels, pads.”

Chemical exfoliants usually use hydroxy acids to dissolve the bond between skin cells, loosening dead skin for removal.