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“Butterflies are a key indicator species; when they are in trouble we know that the wider environment is in trouble too,” he said.

Polar bears are what is known as an indicator species, meaning they predict the health and viability of the broader Arctic ecosystem.

“The science shows that if you have roughly 70% natives, you’re going to be able to support a healthy bird population, and they’re the key indicator species for environmental health,” she said.

The birds are an “indicator species,” serving as something of a canary in a coal mine.

Often referred to as an "indicator species", they can help scientists understand the health of marine ecosystems due to their sensitivity to the impacts of climate change and human pressures.