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The new workflow can also identify isomers, which are molecules with the same chemical formula but different atomic arrangements.

In Xu and co-workers’ synthetic pathway, a UV-induced chemical reduction occurs that leads to the strikingly selective destruction of these unwanted by-products, ultimately producing only the biologically relevant isomers of the purines.

Using mass spectrometry, researchers effectively identified glycan linkages, but in many instances failed to differentiate between sugar isomers.

This includes “all derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, acids, salts, and salts of isomers, whether growing or not.”

The technique is also unable to distinguish between mirror-image isomers of molecules, which is a drawback because such isomers can have very different biological properties.