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The phase of metamorphism dealing with surficial weathering, similar changes below the surface, and the formation of sediments, is called katamorphism or destructive change.

The zone in which katamorphism is most active, usually near the surface, is called the zone of katamorphism.

A given rock may be undergoing katamorphism while rocks on either side at the same depth are suffering anamorphism.

The general process of soil formation constitutes one of the most important phases of katamorphism—the destructive side of the metamorphic cycle, described in Chapter II.

Processes of katamorphism or weathering, usually accompanied by the formation of soils, affect the surface rocks over practically all the continental areas.