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The researchers randomly disrupted genes by developing a method to introduce a collection of genetic tools in lentivirus into testicular cells in testes at high efficiency.

The researchers then used a lentivirus to insert DNA into microglial cells at the site of the injury.

Bluebird researchers and others say the issue may not arise for other gene therapies that rely on the same type of virus, known as a lentivirus, because of a unique feature of the version used for the halted trial.

Another type of gene-delivering virus, or vector, has been implicated in cancers in clinical trials, but never a lentivirus.

For the gene therapy, researchers collect a patient’s own bone marrow stem cells and treat them in a dish with the lentivirus carrying a healthy version of the gene for ALDP.