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Campeche was colonized by Spain in the 16th century; over the next 100 years, as trade in logwood dye created wealth, it was under constant attack by pirates, many hailing from Spain’s arch enemy, England.

For example, the famous steeple was financed in part by the sale of logwood, the harvesting of which was dependent on slave labor, she said.

Its location also made it a commercial centre as well; merchants traded slaves, sugar and logwood.

They were joined by other desperadoes, notably by a gang of logwood cutters from the Bays of Campechy and Honduras.

They raise cotton for clothing, which they dye various colours with logwood, indigo, and the achiote, a large tree, whose seed is used for that purpose.