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Rome assigned her the task of comparing the vesicles entering lysosomes with the ones exiting.

In mammalian cells, YKT6 mediates the fusion of two cellular organelles -- the autophagosomes and lysosomes to form autolysosomes -- within which 'used' cellular proteins, lipids, and other molecules are degraded and recycled back for future use.

Cells called fibroblasts and macrophages pick up collagen fragments for degradation in lysosomes, the trash compactors of cells.

"Our results show a dysregulation of key molecules involved in the uptake of substances into cells, in receptor recycling, and in the degradation of molecules within specific cellular compartments called lysosomes," says Dichgans.

The classical explanation of how autophagy works is that the cellular "garbage" to be dealt with is sequestered in a membrane-surrounded vesicle, and ultimately delivered to lysosomes for degradation.