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Thus reconnection at Earth's magnetopause can cause destructive space weather that can damage satellites, threaten the health of astronauts, and disrupt communications and energy grids on the surface.

In 6 months they made 4000 passes through the magnetopause.

As the MMS team reports today in Science, instead of the turbulent swirling of electrons that some theorists had predicted, researchers found that the electrons moved in a more concerted way, meandering back and forth across the magnetopause.

Earth’s magnetopause “is the only place you can do this,” Burch says.

That phenomenon occurs where opposing magnetic fields from different sources meet, such as at the magnetopause, the boundary in space at which the sun’s field pushes against the Earth’s.