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Compared with the mammillary layer, the osteopontin-rich layers had smaller nanometre-scale structures of calcium carbonate, making them denser and harder.

In the final days of incubation, the nanostructures in the mammillary layer and the middle layer shrink.

Wright, N. F., Erichsen, J. T., Vann, S. D., O’Mara, S. M. & Aggleton, J. P. Parallel but separate inputs from limbic cortices to the mammillary bodies and anterior thalamic nuclei in the rat.

The investigations focused their inquiry on the mammillary bodies, two structures on the underside of the brain so named because they resemble small breasts.

Mammillary bodies are thought to be an important part of the memory and have long been associated with cases of amnesia.