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In October, Barker and co-authors Eloise Marais and Jonathan McDowell published a multi-year inventory of air pollutant emissions and CO2 from rocket launches and object re-entries spanning the early growth of the megaconstellation phenomenon from 2020 through 2022.

Patrick Aboukrat, who owns a fashion boutique in the Marais shopping district, has launched a lawsuit with other members of Comité Marais Paris, the business association he leads, to try to roll back some of the new rules.

Dr Eloise Marais, professor of atmospheric chemistry and air quality at University College London, said the carbon emissions from rockets pale in comparison to other forms of transport but there are other planet-warming pollutants which are not being considered.

Dr Marais said what makes black carbon from rockets so concerning is that they release it hundreds of miles higher into the atmosphere than planes, where it can last much longer.

Like several of the latest hotels in Paris, such as Hotel Norman and Le Grand Mazarin, this hot spot in the Marais is an intimate affair with just 23 rooms and suites.