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We’ve long known of a link between osteoarthritis and metabolic syndrome related to obesity, but the nature of this link didn’t start to become clear until the discoveries of the past decade that underlie the invention of Ozempic, and more recently the anecdotal reports of patients like Coviello’s.

Now we’re learning that in osteoarthritis associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome causes inflammation by activating small proteins called cytokines that activate or calm down the immune system, right in the synovium area — the space in a joint, your knee for example, bringing white blood cells, or macrophages, rushing in, another sign of inflammation.

Nutritional deficiencies for the mother during pregnancy can increase the baby's risk of clinical obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

Previous studies have already shown a link between individual exposure to some of these compounds during the prenatal phase and some of the factors that make up the metabolic syndrome, particularly obesity and blood pressure.

This yielded data on waist circumference, blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin levels, which were aggregated to obtain a risk index for metabolic syndrome.