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Because the crystal structure of molybdenum trioxide is highly anisotropic, all three crystal axes, which define the edges of the crystal’s unit cell, have different lengths.

The in-plane hyperbolicity of molybdenum trioxide offers opportunities to replace conventional optical components with ones that are much smaller.

Beyond conventional optics, the properties of molybdenum trioxide could lead to advances in the realm of nanophotonics, which focuses on confining light to nanoscale dimensions.

Molybdenum trioxide can beat this limit and, as a result, presents opportunities for producing improved infrared-emitting devices.

Finally, hyperbolic materials such as molybdenum trioxide could serve as the basis for hyperlenses — lenses that produce magnified images of objects smaller than the wavelength of the imaging light.