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Before they crossed over, phone footage shows M23 commander Willy Ngoma berating one of the Romanians in French, telling him to sit on the ground, cross his legs and put his hands over his head.

"They recruited you with a salary of $8,000 a month, you eat well," Ngoma yelled, pointing out the disparity between that and a Congolese army recruit's pay.

It is not clear where Ngoma got the $8,000 figure, but the contract shown to the BBC by a former Romanian mercenary in October detailed that "strictly confidential remuneration" for senior personnel started at $5,000 per month during active duty and $3,000 during periods of leave.

Medadi Kichungo Ngoma, in the queue for two hours already, stares at the vehicles ahead of him as he waits by his silver pick-up truck.

Willy Ngoma, denied any role and accused the army of planting the bomb.