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These values surpass those of commonly used materials such as silicon dioxide and hexagonal boron nitride.

Instead, they use iron and nitrogen to make iron nitride magnets.

The researchers devised a process of heating carbon nitride to the required degree of crystallinity, maximising the functional properties of this material for photocatalysis.

However, some of the newer 2D materials such as boron nitrides, transition metal dichalcogenides, phosphenes and MXenes have not yet been investigated much, Wick points out; further investigations were needed here.

Rice researchers focused on graphene, which is made up of carbon atoms, and hexagonal boron nitride, a material with a similar structure to graphene but composed of boron and nitrogen atoms.