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Hormone levels change during the menopause - most significantly oestrogen, which controls the menstrual cycle and contributes to a number of other bodily processes.

Fat in the body helps make the sex hormone oestrogen.

In Scotland, 43 patients have continued to receive either puberty blockers or "gender affirming hormones" such as testosterone or oestrogen, as they were prescribed the treatments before the April decision was made.

But the evidence suggests the vast majority who start on puberty blockers go on to take cross-sex hormones - oestrogen or testosterone.

In patients with hormone-sensitive breast cancer tumour growth is mainly driven by oestrogen and patients are therefore treated with oestrogen-suppressing drugs, often tamoxifen.