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He went on to study English at Newcastle University, where he taught himself Old Icelandic so he could read the Icelandic sagas.

Before he became the literary executor of the Tolkien Estate, he was a lecturer in Old and Middle English as well as Old Icelandic at the University of Oxford.

After serving in the RAF during World War Two he became a lecturer in Old and Middle English and Old Icelandic at Oxford University.

Old Icelandic, that is, Norse on Icelandic soil, develops its own forms, remaining, however, in the main very similar to O. N.