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In a footnote to a 2015 opinion involving a copyright claim, the judge said he did not need expert testimony to determine that two songs were “not substantially similar” because he was not “an ordinary ‘lay person’ when it comes to hip-hop music and lyrics,” having “listened to hip hop for decades” and counting among his favorites Jay Z, Kanye West, Drake and Eminem.

Under U.S. law, the standard a jury or judge would apply is whether the song in question sounds like a copy to an ordinary lay listener.

It is music that was sung in parish churches by ordinary lay people as much as in monasteries and convents.

Her father looked keenly at the pale, drawn face, and knew that something more than ordinary lay behind the overwhelming emotion with which she had received him.

My after-luncheon visit to Felonsdene was of course professional, but if I had any chance I meant to satisfy an ordinary lay curiosity as well.