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Despite their very different upbringings and destinies, the pair bond through their desert adventures, like taking out Spice harvesters together.

“While he does not fly them with transmitters, macaws are different from some other species of birds in that they have a very strong pair bond; they see him as the being they’re linked with, so they return to him.”

While we can’t definitively say that these lizards grieve, Dr. Whiting said, “I would certainly say we can’t discount that certain species that have that strong pair bond might.”

To which Levi responds: “What about prairie voles? They pair bond for life.”

Many dogs will be ill-equipped to survive, not having had any lived experiences of obtaining their own food, finding shelter, or forming a workable pair bond.