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The people in the room — often the corporations and the business lobbies — have benefited, whether from increasing patent rights or from investor-state disputes settlements, shadow courts, things like that.

Before Bayh-Dole, the U.S. government held the patent rights to any discovery developed with taxpayer support.

Shanahan had not yet turned 30 when she founded a company, ClearAccessIP, that uses software to help companies manage and distribute patents and patent rights.

He watched her create a company, ClearAccessIP, that uses software to help companies manage and distribute patents and patent rights.

The proposal concerns the World Trade Organization’s Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Agreement, which was ratified in 1995 and establishes minimum protections for intellectual property rights — patent rights — around the world.