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penumbra

[ pi-nuhm-bruh ]

noun

plural penumbrae penumbras.
  1. Astronomy.
    1. the partial or imperfect shadow outside the complete shadow of an opaque body, as a planet, where the light from the source of illumination is only partly cut off. Compare umbra ( def 3a ).
    2. the grayish marginal portion of a sunspot. Compare umbra ( def 3b ).
  2. a shadowy, indefinite, or marginal area:

    a penumbra of secrecy.

  3. U.S. Law. a right or set of rights implicit but not expressed in the U.S. Constitution or Bill of Rights:

    The principle of the penumbra protects against an imperfect, or incomplete, enumeration of rights.



penumbra

/ ±èɪˈ²ÔÊŒ³¾²ú°ùÉ™ /

noun

  1. a fringe region of half shadow resulting from the partial obstruction of light by an opaque object
  2. astronomy the lighter and outer region of a sunspot
  3. painting the point or area in which light and shade blend
“Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged†2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

penumbra

/ ±èÄ­-²ÔÅ­³¾â€²²ú°ùÉ™ /

, Plural penumbras ±èÄ­-²ÔÅ­³¾â€²²ú°ùŧ

  1. A partial shadow between regions of full shadow (the umbra) and full illumination, especially as cast by Earth, the Moon, or another body during an eclipse. During a partial lunar eclipse, a portion of the Moon's disk remains within the penumbra of Earth's shadow while the rest is darkened by the umbra.
  2. See Note at eclipse
  3. The grayish outer part of a sunspot.
  4. Compare umbra
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Derived Forms

  • ±è±ðˈ²Ô³Ü³¾²ú°ù²¹±ô, adjective
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Other ˜yÐÄvlogs From

  • ±è±ð·²Ô³Ü³¾Â·²ú°ù²¹±ô ±è±ð·²Ô³Ü³¾Â·²ú°ù´Ç³Ü²õ adjective
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˜yÐÄvlog History and Origins

Origin of penumbra1

First recorded in 1660–65; from New Latin penumbra (coined by Johannes Kepler in 1604), equivalent to Latin paen- prefix meaning “almost†+ umbra “s³ó²¹»å±ðâ€; pen-, umbra
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˜yÐÄvlog History and Origins

Origin of penumbra1

C17: via New Latin from Latin paene almost + umbra shadow
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Example Sentences

A lunar eclipse takes place when the Moon passes through the outer region of Earth's shadow, called the penumbra.

From

A lunar eclipse happens when the Moon passes through the outer region of the Earth's shadow called the penumbra.

From

The lighter one, called the penumbra, will not have too much effect but the umbra, the inner and darker shadow, will darken the Moon.

From

Eastern time on Monday, the moon will start to pass through only the outermost part of Earth’s shadow, known as the penumbra.

From

The penumbra of Broadway stardust she radiated accumulated over decades.

From

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