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Iconic examples include the rapid increase in frequency of the melanic form of the British peppered moth Biston betularia, driven by the sootier and darker environment caused by carbon burning and industrialisation in the late 1800s in the United Kingdom, and the mimetic radiation of Heliconius butterflies, among others.

Probably the best-known example of urban evolution is the English peppered moth whose coloration darkened in the 19th century in response to coal pollution.

Until recently, the most famous example of rapid evolution was the story of the peppered moth.

The apparent swiftness of the change recalls the case of the peppered moth, whose coloration shifted from light to dark as air pollution from the Industrial Revolution in England darkened the trees it lived on — light moths, of course, were more visible to predators in their changed environment.

As an adult, Drabble took umbrage at Byatt’s portrayal of warring sisters in The Game, while Byatt sulked at Drabble’s depiction of their mother in The Peppered Moth.