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Simply put, with this model, periodontal disease is artificially induced by ligating silk threads onto the molars of mice models, which induces plaque accumulation.

In addition, given that bad breath is often associated with periodontal disease, treating this symptom early could help prevent more serious damage in the future.

Streptococcus mitis tends to act as a gatekeeper toward other bacterial threats, including those that can cause periodontal disease, he said.

Work we have done with our collaborators has shown that treating plaque samples from periodontal disease patients with 6.5 mmol of nitrate increased healthy bacteria levels and reduced acidity.

Some experts think nicotine deteriorates gum tissue, which could lead to periodontal disease, said Irfan Rahman, a researcher at the University of Rochester Medicine who has studied nicotine pouches.