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In 2020, 15 states, including Arizona, Florida and Nevada, did not require any type of electronic pollbook testing or certification, according to federal data.

States and even some counties are often testing their pollbook systems in isolation and results are not routinely shared - an information gap that could be addressed with a national testing program.

Unlike voting machines that are not directly connected to the internet, many electronic pollbook systems are connected by design.

While that can present significant security challenges, scrutiny for the pollbook systems is not as consistent as with voting machines.

For the 2020 election, 15 states, including Arizona, Florida and Nevada, did not require any type of electronic pollbook testing or certification, according to federal data.