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“I wondered what the other side of this argument was. Being pronuclear war?”

The dash to find ready alternatives to Russian fuel has magnified a political divide in Europe over nuclear power, as a bloc of pronuclear countries led by France, Europe’s biggest atomic producer, pushes for a buildup while Germany and other like-minded countries oppose it, citing the dangers of radioactive waste.

But facing an energy crisis and election challenges from pronuclear opponents, President Emmanuel Macron in early February declared a “nuclear renaissance” in France, including the construction of at least six new reactors as well as possibly extending the lifetime of existing ones.

Pronuclear South Koreans saw armament as a way to increase the country’s prestige in the international community.

When presented with potential consequences for going nuclear — such as international sanctions or a U.S. troop withdrawal from South Korea — pronuclear respondents largely remained supportive.