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But you also want those flavours delivered at the heightened, entirely artificial, level of intensity that only the cleverest boffins of the food-industrial complex can achieve using ingenious combinations of yeast extract, citric acid, garlic powder, dried cheese “cheese flavour” and umami disodium 5’-ribonucleotide.

AICAR, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide; AMP, adenosine monophosphate; F1,6-P, fructose 1,6 bisphosphate; IMP, inosine monophosphate. g, Model showing that, in glycolytic breast tumours, activated PFKFB4 drives SRC-3 phosphorylation at Ser857, which then activates ER-positive primary tumour growth in conjunction with E2-liganded ER, as well in ER-negative/recurrent tumours in conjunction with ATF4, driving aggressive metastatic disease.

Now, organic chemist Thomas Carell of Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich, Germany, and his team have shown how the other two bases, guanine and adenine, can form from simpler molecules and spontaneously link up with the sugar molecule, creating a precursor to the full ribonucleotide called a nucleoside.

The molecule’s ribonucleotide building blocks are themselves made up of three parts: a sugar molecule, a phosphate group and one of the four bases that form the alphabet of RNA's genetic code — adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine.

The addition of another simple chemical converted this hybrid into a ribonucleotide.