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The new analysis looked at seismic wave patterns from earthquakes that repeated in the same location between 1991 and 2023.

The shaking from one station to another can give scientists an idea of how fast a seismic wave travels between stations.

This "seismic velocity" is related to the structure of the Earth through which the seismic wave is traveling.

By subsequently bouncing a ball next to the experimental setup, triggering a small seismic wave, they saw how all the granules rapidly shifted in response: they had triggered a miniature earthquake!

"We found that a very small perturbation, a small seismic wave, is capable of causing a granular material to completely restructure itself," explains Farain.