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Under the right conditions, the spadefoot tadpole will transform into a voracious predator of its own species.

They include the black bear, Western scrub jay, California flannel brush, California bumble bee, California halibut, Northern elephant seal, Dungeness crab, California bay tree, Western spadefoot toad, and the endangered black abalone.

The study also highlights how certain conditions make some young amphibians such as tiger salamanders and spadefoot toads turn into supercannibals.

It turns out that Kathy was witness to something special: an explosion of Eastern spadefoot toads.

Eastern spadefoot toad populations have declined dramatically in the state in recent decades.