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Also applied by Norway and Denmark, it considers national infrastructure such as the internet and telephony, energy generation and distribution, road networks, and secure supplies of food, medicine as parts of a total defence system.

“So even though the old technology hasn’t gone away, the logic of mobile telephony exists across our entire society today, even for people who still have landlines.”

That breakup has been credited with a host of innovations in telephony.

“Legacy” networks that transmit calls the way they did before the internet revolutionized telephony aren’t covered.

The collapse was caused by a software malfunction when the company was carrying out maintenance work on its telephony platform for business customers, he said.