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The unique properties of diamonds, including high thermal conductivity and resistance to electrical breakdown, make it an ideal candidate for high-power, high-frequency electronic devices.

"We found that we can control the elastic modulus and thermal conductivity of some 2D HOIPs by replacing some of the carbon-carbon chains in the organic layers with benzene rings," says Qing Tu, co-corresponding author of this paper and an assistant professor of materials science and engineering at Texas A&M University.

Specifically, they found that by introducing chirality into the organic layers -- i.e., making the carbon chains in those layers asymmetrical -- they could effectively maintain the same stiffness and thermal conductivity even when making substantial changes to the composition of the organic layers.

"This raises some interesting questions about whether we might be able to optimize other characteristics of these materials without having to worry about how those changes might influence the material's stiffness or thermal conductivity," says Liu.

However, MOFs typically exhibit low thermal conductivity, making them poor thermal conductors.