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Justice Samuel Alito noted in his dissent in the case that Top Ten Percent Plan students didn’t struggle academically; in fact, they received “higher college grades than the African-American and Hispanic students admitted under the race-conscious program.”

In the face of a circuit court ruling banning racial preferences in the 1990s, the state Legislature, working with Gov. George W. Bush, had created the Top Ten Percent Plan to admit students from across the state who graduated with the highest grades in their high school classes, coupled with consideration of economic status rather than race.

Nevertheless, when O’Connor gave the green light to use race in admissions in 2003, UT reinstated its racial preferences for a portion of the class, while also retaining the Top Ten Percent Plan.

He wrote that Texas’ Top Ten Percent Plan and enhanced consideration of socioeconomic disadvantage was not a viable alternative in part because “the Equal Protection Clause does not force universities to choose between a diverse student body and a reputation for academic excellence.”

DeepSeek responded in seconds, with a top ten list - Kenny Dalglish of Liverpool and Celtic was number one.