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They found that the modern worm also uses trehalose to protect itself in cryptobiosis.

The drying helped the worms produce a special sugar called “trehalose”, which helped them survive being frozen.

“This led us, for instance, to understand that they cannot survive without a specific sugar called trehalose,” Dr. Kurzchalia said.

Kurzchalia’s lab had previously shown that these dauer larvae need to process a sugar called trehalose in order to survive being frozen.

The first step, announced Friday, will give patients access to a sugar-based injection called trehalose, that is thought to help nerve cells clear toxic proteins.