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Decumbent, pinnately branching, the short fertile branch lateral; leaves subvertical, suborbicular, obtuse, entire; lower lobe obovate-cucullate or galeate, subappressed; underleaves cordate or rounded, sinuate-subdentate, slightly bifid; perianth oblong, triquetrous, convex dorsally, strongly keeled ventrally.—On rocks and trees, N. Y. to Ohio, and southward; rather common.

Procumbent, widely branching or subpinnate; leaves orbicular, subimbricate; lower lobe very small, as broad as long, close to the stem; underleaves rather large, flat, rounded, slightly bifid; monœcious; perianth oblong-oval or subobovate, triquetrous, dorsally sulcate, acutely keeled ventrally; antheridial spikes globose.—Shaded rocks, N. Y. and N. J. to E. Tenn.

Style mostly 3-parted and achene triangular or triquetrous.

Slender, rarely forked, without runners, greenish, reddish, or often purple; leaves imbricate, ascending, obovate, concave, semicordate at base, lunately bifid below the middle, the lobes incurved or hooked; cells small, quadrate; monœcious or diœcious; involucral leaves complicate, the lobes subovate, spinulose-denticulate; perianth large, rose-purple, triquetrous, the wide mouth ciliate; calyptra thin; capsule oblong-globose.

Densely cespitose; fertile stems creeping, thickened upward, with numerous purple rootlets, the sterile subascending, attenuate upward; leaves subdecurrent, obliquely spreading, orbicular, concave, entire or nearly so; perianth small, subobovate, more or less connate with the involucral leaves, not exserted or slightly so, rooting at base, triquetrous above, becoming 4–7-plicate; calyptra often violet-purple; capsule oval-globose.